Classical China China Key terms Shi Huangdi- Founder of the Brief Qin Dynesti. He is known for his brutality in order to contain order in his empire Qin dynasty (221 B.C.E.)- the new set of government after the decline of the Zhou dynasty Han- Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Qin; ruled for 400 years Zhou (1122 B.C.E.-256 B.C.E)- Originally a vassal family of Shang China; possibly Turkic in origin; overthrew the Shang and established second historical Chinese dynasty Confucius- Great Wall- Chinese defense fortification intended to keep out nomadic invaders from the north; created during the reign of Shi Huangdi Daoism- A distinctive science, and artistic traditions that complemented Confucuianism Legalism-(document below)
The Way Of State (425-221 B.C.E) Legalism
MI: The creation of Legalism during the Era of Warring States and its position within the Asian society through its brutal and equal reasoning’s of the two Handles
Dt: Emerged (475-221 B.C.E) with other 2 philosophy’s
Dt: Emphasized the importance of strong Gov. control to create social order
Dt: Han Feizi, creator of Legalist School of Philosophy. He aimed for strength and wealth of China by leaving power to the rulers
Dt: Law mainly enforced by brutality
Regulations
“If is strong the country is strong” and follows so forth if opposite.
Dt: Aided strong army
Dt: Sovereign separates himself form law ( distancing all the while exposing his nature)
Dt: Law focuses on the right and wrong of the people (not one sided).
Dt: Nothing could match law=nothing could match penalty
2 Handles
Handles ( way to control ministry) - Chastisement & Commendations
Chastisement- Death & punishment upon culprits
Commendations- Bestow of encouragements and rewards on men of merit
Dt: These 2 handles create fear within ministry and helps them aim for rewards
Dt: Rulers loss- Since the ministers have power over the handles it makes the people look up to them by fear instead of the ruler
Statement
Legalism has a system, it creates order within the society and helps the nation as a whole in expanding and creating a name for themselves. Yes of course there are some laws and rulings which hurt the people and are unjust, those for sure should not make up a nation…but what Han does is create a system where the people know him and they understand what he is trying to accomplish, while at the same time distancing himself from the people in order to have a sense of authority. Also what makes this philosophy so astounding is the fact that it, does not single you out based on your position in society, each person will be given the same punishments or rewards pending on the case.
Patriarchal families- families linked to other families creating a network
Men dominace-creating little respect for women
Social status limiting the chances to a better life such as schooling
3 main social groups
-Land owning Aristocracy -Educated bureaucrats -Laboring Masses-peasants, “mean” people( low of the low)
Slaves (few)
P
Dynasties such as the Han and Qin
Bureaucracy
Village leaders
Local rule
Si brutal ruler
Central Gov.
I
Social status\
Art
Literature
Science
R
Confucianism- respect for social superiors (status), moderation in behavior, men leaders, blended in with lit. and art, science (relates/similar to Confucianism)
Daoism- traditional Chinese beliefs (nature harmony),frugal living, joined with Buddhists, magic (people worried slightly on this aspect),
Upper-class-valued the ways of good life on Earth and obedience to the state (very important)
Little belief on Gods other than those from the Zhou dynasty
Ancestor worship
I
Textiles and pottery, porcelain production Paper Nonagricultural goods created by artists
T
Ox-drawn plows
New collar for draft animals to aid them pull wagons and such (widely popular)
Iron Mining increased with the makings of new pulleys tools, and lamps
Water powered mills
Chapter Summary
twords the end if the Zho dynasty China was hectic, there was no order. When Shi Huang di came along and created the Qin dynasty, things were startting to look fall in place. Through his brutal rullings and the destroying of the confucuism, he was able to over power other regions therefore extending China's, through trade (silk road) economing. The beginng of the wordly known Great wall first came about through him inorder to protect China from normads. Although his rule was short lived of only 11 years, he created many oppertunitues for the people. However once again china was in need of order (revolts) bringing in the new beginnings of the Han dynasty which ruled or 400 years. The Han dyansty was a new age of China ending the years of brutality and intwining the works of Daoism. Leagalism, and Confuciusism creating the new evolved China.
China Key terms
Shi Huangdi- Founder of the Brief Qin Dynesti. He is known for his brutality in order to contain order in his empire
Qin dynasty (221 B.C.E.)- the new set of government after the decline of the Zhou dynasty
Han- Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Qin; ruled for 400 years
Zhou (1122 B.C.E.-256 B.C.E)- Originally a vassal family of Shang China; possibly Turkic in origin; overthrew the Shang and established second historical Chinese dynasty
Confucius-
Great Wall- Chinese defense fortification intended to keep out nomadic invaders from the north; created during the reign of Shi Huangdi
Daoism- A distinctive science, and artistic traditions that complemented Confucuianism
Legalism-(document below)
The Way Of State (425-221 B.C.E)
Legalism
MI: The creation of Legalism during the Era of Warring States and its position within the Asian society through its brutal and equal reasoning’s of the two Handles
Dt: Emerged (475-221 B.C.E) with other 2 philosophy’s
Dt: Emphasized the importance of strong Gov. control to create social order
Dt: Han Feizi, creator of Legalist School of Philosophy. He aimed for strength and wealth of China by leaving power to the rulers
Dt: Law mainly enforced by brutality
“If is strong the country is strong” and follows so forth if opposite.
Dt: Aided strong army
Dt: Sovereign separates himself form law ( distancing all the while exposing his nature)
Dt: Law focuses on the right and wrong of the people (not one sided).
Dt: Nothing could match law=nothing could match penalty
Handles ( way to control ministry) - Chastisement & Commendations
Chastisement- Death & punishment upon culprits
Commendations- Bestow of encouragements and rewards on men of merit
Dt: These 2 handles create fear within ministry and helps them aim for rewards
Dt: Rulers loss- Since the ministers have power over the handles it makes the people look up to them by fear instead of the ruler
Statement
Legalism has a system, it creates order within the society and helps the nation as a whole in expanding and creating a name for themselves. Yes of course there are some laws and rulings which hurt the people and are unjust, those for sure should not make up a nation…but what Han does is create a system where the people know him and they understand what he is trying to accomplish, while at the same time distancing himself from the people in order to have a sense of authority. Also what makes this philosophy so astounding is the fact that it, does not single you out based on your position in society, each person will be given the same punishments or rewards pending on the case.
Shi Huang di
img008.jpg
China
- Patriarchal families- families linked to other families creating a network
- Men dominace-creating little respect for women
- Social status limiting the chances to a better life such as schooling
- 3 main social groups
-Land owning Aristocracy-Educated bureaucrats
-Laboring Masses-peasants, “mean” people( low of the low)
Paper
Nonagricultural goods created by artists
Chapter Summary
twords the end if the Zho dynasty China was hectic, there was no order. When Shi Huang di came along and created the Qin dynasty, things were startting to look fall in place. Through his brutal rullings and the destroying of the confucuism, he was able to over power other regions therefore extending China's, through trade (silk road) economing. The beginng of the wordly known Great wall first came about through him inorder to protect China from normads. Although his rule was short lived of only 11 years, he created many oppertunitues for the people. However once again china was in need of order (revolts) bringing in the new beginnings of the Han dynasty which ruled or 400 years. The Han dyansty was a new age of China ending the years of brutality and intwining the works of Daoism. Leagalism, and Confuciusism creating the new evolved China.